index.md (3971B)
1 +++ 2 title = 'Case Study' 3 +++ 4 # Case Study 5 ## Overview 6 Connecting consumers of energy directly with renewable energy sources creates a higher certainty that what consumers pay for energy ends up with a renewable producer, and not with a fossil energy plant 7 Challenge: balancing the grid. 8 In energy system based on wind and solar, supply fluctuates uncontrollably, so need to control demand. 9 Vandebron does this with "FlexIOT". 10 11 ## Definitions 12 **LFC:** Load Frequency Control (TenneT system for national power balancing) 13 - respond fast and effectively to occurrence of large Dutch regulating errors with respect to the synchronously linked high voltage grid. The target is to correct within 15 minutes any significant imbalance. 14 15 **TSO:** Transmission Service Operator (for instance TenneT for the Netherlands) 16 - responsible for the balance on the energy grid 17 - when there is unbalance between supply and demand, the frequency on the energy grid will deviate from the desired 50Hz 18 - TSO traditionally pays energy plants to react to fluctuations when upward or downward regulation of the supply is needed 19 - Alternatively, the TSO may pay so-called aggregators (see below) to regulate the demand side. 20 21 **Aggregator** (Vandebron) 22 - collects enough energy-consuming assets to affect balance of national grid 23 - responsible to control these devices based on what TSO says 24 25 **FSP:** Flexibility Service provider 26 - the Aggregator in this case 27 - in the future, will be separate entity 28 29 **MSP:** Metering Service Provider 30 - the Aggregator in this case 31 - in the future, will be separate entity 32 33 **OEM:** Original Equipment Manufacturers 34 35 **CBP:** Crowd Balancing Platform 36 - we design its architecture 37 - we need to take into account exceptions to normal operation that may impact the CBP. 38 - connects FlexIOT and other aggregators to the TSO 39 - enables the delivery of balancing and flexibility on the power grid 40 - addresses for example resources and resource types, balancing, pooling, and bidding 41 42 **Prosumer:** 43 - user of a device enrolled on the platform 44 - acts as a consumer and producer of energy 45 - reap the benefits of the financial compensation for supplying the asset to the system, either through a one time discount (see OEM, above) or through periodical revenues 46 47 **Government Privacy Body:** 48 - needs to be convinced that there are no privacy issues 49 - demands privacy by design 50 - we need to address any privacy issues that may arise, and show how we solved those in our architecture. 51 52 ## Interaction between stakeholders 53 Registration 54 - owner of device (prosumer/OEM) onboards their device 55 - Aggregator (as FSP) registers the available devices and Grid Connection Point 56 - TSO receives a signal that the device has been onboarded 57 58 Bidding 59 - Each Aggregator/FSP places bids or ‘flex offers’ when they have flexibility to offer to the TSO (takes into account any timing constraints) 60 - TSO receives the bids and processes them so that they can be activated when balancing is required. 61 62 Operation 63 1. TSO sends Flex activation signal to the Aggregator/FSP when balancing is required 64 2. Aggregator/FSP: 65 1. receives the activation signal 66 2. acknowledges reception to the TSO 67 3. activates the appropriate flex device(s) to deliver the required power to balance the grid. 68 69 Validation 70 - flex devices that participate in the flex offering collect power measurements shared with the Aggregator/FSP 71 - Aggregator/FSP periodically sends aggregated measurements and baselines (forecasts for 1, 5, and 10 minutes upfront) for the pool of devices to the TSO 72 - Aggregator (as MSP) sends measurements of the individual devices to the TSO 73 - TSO validates whether Aggregator delivered as requested. 74 75 Settlements 76 - SO settles payment with the Aggregator based on the delivered flexibility (MW power delivered). 77 - Aggregator settles payment with the prosumer/OEM based on the power delivered from their device 78 79  80